The Basics
Breast biopsy is a test that removes a small breast tissue sample to identify if any abnormalities found on other diagnostic tests indicate breast cancer or other diseases. This test is a more definitive way to check if any abnormality in your breast is cancerous.
Your doctor will recommend when this test is necessary for you. Your doctor may consider this test if:
- you have found a lump or thickening in your breast
- your mammogram or ultrasound shows a suspicious area in your breast
- you have unusual nipple changes such as crusting, scaling, or bloody discharge
Risks and precautions
Breast biopsy is usually a straightforward and safe procedure. However, there are some risks of complications or side effects, including:
- bleeding
- bruising or swelling of the breast
- fever
- infection
- persistent pain
- scarring
- slightly altered breast appearance
Contact your doctor if you experience a fever, if the skin around the biopsy site becomes red and warm, or if there is discharge from the biopsy site.
It is important that you understand all the risks of complications and side effects of a breast biopsy, and what you or your doctor can do to avoid them. Make sure that your doctor is aware of all your concerns.
Before the test
It is important that you fully understand what a breast biopsy involves beforehand. Ask your doctor to explain the risks, benefits, and drawbacks of a breast biopsy, and don't be shy to probe further until you are comfortable with your doctor's responses.
If you are receiving general anesthesia, you may not be able to eat or drink before the procedure; follow the timing that your doctor recommended. In general, people are advised to not eat for 8 hours before the procedure; however, you may be able to continue to drink clear liquids until 2 hours before the procedure.
If you are taking any prescription or over-the-counter (non-prescription) medications, supplements, or herbal products, make sure you inform your doctor or pharmacist. Ask them whether it is necessary for you to stop taking any of these medications and products before the breast biopsy. It is also important to tell them if you have allergies to certain medications or have certain medical conditions.
Wear or bring a bra to your appointment. After the procedure, you may be given a cold pack to place on the biopsy site - a bra will help hold the cold pack in place.
Plan to have someone drive you home after the procedure.